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Wed, Jan 28, 2004; by d.Dir.
Navigation:
- ls lists current directory contents
- cd [dir] changes to directory [dir] (replace dir with the directory you want)
- ' / ' goto the top of the directory structure (root directory)
- ' .. ' goto the folder one level up
- ' . ' goto the current folder
- ' ~ ' goto your user home folder
You can also use these instead of [dir]:
File manipulation:
- mv [file] moves a file (replace file with the desired filename)
- rm [file] removes it
- cp [original file] [place to copy it to] copies a file
- rm -r [folder] removes that folder
- chown [file] [UID] changes the owner of a file or folder
- chgrp [file] [group ID] changes the group of a file or folder
- chmod [mode] [file] sets the execution(1), read(4), and write(2) permissions of a file or folderUseful programs:
- man [command] gives you a manual on the command. Always do this before running a command for the first time!
- gnutar -xf [file] expands a .tar file
- gnutar -xzf [file] expands a .tgz file
- grep [pattern] [file] searches for a pattern in a file
- ftp [host name] command line ftp client
- ssh [host name] command line ssh client
- ps -u [username] lists all processes that user has running,
- ps -aux lists all processes on the computer
-
top
lists
all processes being run, and some other useful info
commands: -s5 20 = 20 top processes every 5 secs; -d = live - kill [pid] kills the process with the given pid (use top to find out the pid)
- df -k - shows infromation about filesystem space usage
- uname -a - your system information
- uptime - how long your computer has been on
-
netstat
network statistics
commands -a = whats connected; -r state of all processes;
'Access Denied' Problem:
- sudo chmod g+w /
Erste Hilfe:
- fsck -y
- oder bei Panther mit journaling: fsck -f
Wartungsarbeiten:
- sudo sh/etc/daily
- sudo sh/etc/weekly
- sudo sh/etc/weekly
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